Calotropis gigantea family asclepiadaceae commonly known as sweta arka is a highly medicinal drought resistant and relatively high degree salt tolerant wild plant species of the indian himalayan region. The green globes are hollow but the flesh contains a toxic milky sap that is. The medicinal properties of this plant represent it as a valuable source of medicinal compound. It is known to provide key resources in degraded ecosystems. The present paper enumerates the medicinal uses of part of calotropis procera for. It has been 4 proved that plants are one of the major sources of drug discovery and development. Calotropis procera can best be distinguished from calotropis gigantea by the length of the staminal corona, which is up to 5 mm in calotropis procera and up to 11 mm in calotropis gigantea. How to create accessible portable document format pdf documents that conform.
Although transcriptomic studies have been conducted in other cardenolideproducing species, no nuclear genome assembly for an asterid cardenolideproducing species has been reported to date. Adobe pdf files to read and print a pdf file, you must have adobe. The ethno medicinal uses of the former species in orissa are also incorporated. The sodom apple calotropis gigantea, a member of the asclepiadaceae family, is a large evergreen shrub native to continental asia and northern africa. The pungent latex extracted from the leaves and flowers of calotropis procera is processed and used in the commercial preparation of eye tonics. Widely it is used medicinally, to treat boils, infected wounds and other skin problems in people. Local application produces an intense inflammatory response and causes significant ocular morbidity. Calotropis gigantea produces specialized secondary metabolites known as cardenolides, which have anticancer and antimalarial properties. Converters to allow users to convert pdf files to other formats. Calotropis procera from panipat in hindi it is aak or akoawa. It produces a large amount of seeds 3 cm that are small, flat, obovate, compressed with silky white pappusat at one end 2,6,7.
It is a very common herb seen widely throughout india. Calotropis procera a plant of traditional medicine in india. Calotropis procera, commonly called small crownflower or giant milkweed, is an upright, spreading, milkysapped, evergreen shrub or small tree of the milkweed family. Media in category calotropis procera fruit the following 20 files are in this category, out of 20 total. Pdf testing and remediation guide ms word, march 2019. West african plants a photo guide calotropis procera.
Calotropis procera auricula tree, dead sea apple, sodom apple. Also, phytochemical screening of aqueous extract of c. Calotropis procera auricula tree, dead sea apple, sodom. Antioxidant, antimicrobial activities and gcms analysis. Apple of sodom, sodom apple, stabragh and others synonymes. Aiton this is a gallery page containing specially selected images. Instead of medicinal values, plant also provides a strong fiber from the bark. This is terrific if you have a portfolio site, a terms of use document, or pdf medical forms to show. Result of the antimicrobial activity of root extracts of calotropis gigantea. Plant contain milky latex in the stem which is used as an antidote for snake poison in dried form. It strongly recommended in leprosy, hepatic and splenic enlargements, dropsy and worms. In this study, using the illumina high throughput sequencing.
Its two closely similar species, caloropis procera and calotropis gigantea, possess very high pharmaceutical and ethnomedicinal importance. How to test and remediate pdfs for accessibility using adobe acrobat dc. Potential effect of the medicinal plants calotropis procera, ficus elastica and zingiber officinale against schistosoma mansoni in mice. Calotropis procera ushaar produces a copious amount of latex, which has both inflammatory and antiinflammatory pharmacological properties. Aiton is a spreading shrub or mediumsized tree reaching 2. Two pills are taken twice daily for 3 days to cure malaria 57. Study on antibacterial activity of calotropis procera. Introduction scientific investigations of medicinal plants have initiated in many countries because of their safer than synthetic alternatives, offering marked therapeutic benefits and more affordable treatment. Constituents and uses of calotropis procera, apple of sodom. Pharmacognostic standardization of leaves of calotropis. It can be introduced through travellers and baggage. The green fruits contain a toxic milky sap that is extremely bitter and turns into a gluey coating which is resistant to soap. Calotropis a medicinal plant of family asclepiadaceae has been utilized in ayurveda, unani, siddha and many other traditional systems to cure diseases.
It is widely used in many ayurvedic treatments, both externally ksharasutra and internally. Calotropis gigantea and calotropis procera aiton w. Though a very toxic herb it is used widely for medicinal, laxative, healing and anthemintic properties. Calotropis procera is regarded as useful medicinal plant and used in folk medicine. The whole plant is used for skin diseases, boils and sores and as a tonic and purgative in small doses, and as an emetic in. Flowers of calotropis gigantea left and calotropis procera right.
Anthers are adnate to the stigma forming a gynostegium. Their distribution in india, botany, physical and chemical properties of the plant parts are provided. Ecology of invasive species in saudi arabia, calotropis procera ait w. Select your pdf file and start editing by following these steps. As the species is considered as a medicinal plant there is a possibility of deliberate introduction in different parts of the world. Calotropis is also found in most part of world with warm climate, dry, alkaline and sandy soil. The present study intended to investigate the effect of aqueous extract from calotropis procera l. Calotropis gigantea called swetarka and calotropis procera called raktarka. Traditional medicinal uses the medicinal value of calotropis procera have been describe in older pharmacopeia. Madar or arka is a medicinal plant which is found as weed throughout india in wastelands, open areas and arid region. Ethnomedicinal, pharmaceutical and pesticidal uses of. T asclepiadaceae giant milkweed is a xerophytic perennial shrub or small tree. Corneal toxicity after selfapplication of calotropis. The fact is that we can obtain many of the presently available drugs, either directly in the extract form or in the modified synthetic form.
Antihelicobacter pylori and urease inhibition activities of some traditional medicinal plants. Troubleshooting opening, viewing, or printing adobe acrobat pdf. Medicinal plants are the important source of drugs, and many of them that are currently available in the pharmaceutical market are obtained from plant sources. Asclepiadaceae is a shrub or small tree that grows wild in egypt.
Semantic scientific pdf reader optimized for life sciences and medicine. Phytochemical investigation of different plant parts of calotropis procera a. Africa, asia and naturalized in australia, north america, south america more infos. It typically grows to 68 rarely to as much as 15 tall. Genome assembly and annotation of the medicinal plant. Issued as a pdf on the internet, it contains basic. Calotropis procera asclepiadaceae is a wild shrub, which grows up to a height of m and its leaves are 10 cm wide by 1719 cm long. Several researchers also reported the isolation of different types of compounds from different parts of these calotropis gigantea 616 and amoora rohituka 1726.
It grows on a variety of soils, from fine to coarse. Often, its another variety calotropois procera is also used in the same name. The latex of calotropis gigantea contains cardio glycosides, volatile fatty acids and calcium oxalate. For some printing and duplication purposes classroom use, for. Preliminary studies on the antiinflammatory and analgesic activities of calotropis procera root extract. Hepatoprotective effects of calotropis procera root extract on experimental liver damage in animals. This study is collective information concerning the ethnobotany pharmacology, phytochemistry and biological activities of the calotropis gigantea. Calotropis acts as a purgative, anthelmintic, anticoagulant, palliative in problems with respiration, blood pressure, antipyretic, and analgesic, and induces neuromuscular blocking activity. Further studies also revealed that, unlike the nsaids, c. Anticancer and cytotoxic properties of the latex of.
Extraction and phytochemical investigation of calotropis. It is commonly known as apple of sodom, a name derived from the hebrew tapuah sdom. Calotropis procera has been widely used in the indian traditional medicinal system for the treatment of a variety of disease conditions. Calotropis gigantea is mainly used in africa and southeast asia by immigrants from india, and the uses have thus spread. We report corneal toxicity following selfapplication of latex from c. As an important medicinal shrub and a fiber resource plant, there is an urgent need for developing molecular markers to facilitate breeding and genetic improvement of varieties. Calotropis procera is a species of flowering plant in the dogbane family, apocynaceae, that is native to north africa, tropical africa, western asia, south asia, and indochina. Studies on the antiulcer activity of the chloroform.
Shrivastava, suchita singh, sanchita singh department of botany and biotechnology govt. The use of the plants, plant extracts, and pure compounds isolated from natural sources has always provided a foundation for modern pharmaceutical compounds. The plant is harvested from the wild for a wide range of uses, but is especially valued as a medicinal plant and source of fibre. Serious leaf spot disease problem of calotropis procera. Earlier studies in our laboratory revealed that the chloroform fraction of c. Ait floristic composition and associated plant communities yassin mohamed alsodany 1, 2, nawar sunaydih aljuaid 1, anwar abdelkarim kahil 1, 3. The latex is applied to painful joints and swelling, fresh leaves are also use for the same purpose.
The plant has oval, light green leaves and milky stem. Asclepiadaceae has been known to the traditional systems of medicine and plant known as madar in unani medicinal system. Calotropis gigantea, flowers, gcms analysis, antioxidant, antimicrobial. It is native to tropical and subtropical africa, asia and common in the middle east. Since ancient times, people have used medicinal plants to treat varied diseases. Calotropis procera is an evergreen shrub growing to 4 m ft by 4 m ft at a medium rate. The leaves are sessile and subsessile, opposite, ovate, cordate at the base. Comparative gcms analysis of bioactive compounds in. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of calotropis gigantea root, latex extracts. It often selfsows freely on overgrazed land and has been used as an indicator of exhausted soil. It is widely distributed in subtropical as well as tropical regions of the world.
Calotropis procera a plant of traditional medicine in. Ayurvedic medicine is a traditional indian practice of healing. Uses described in literature plant extract is used as bronchodilator 56. The fruit of calotropis procera is oval and curved at the ends of the pods. Using the guide adobe acrobat x pro accessibility guide. Some people use calotropis for syphilis, boils, inflammation. The fruit is also thick and, when opened, it is the source of thick fibers that have been made into rope and used in a multitude of ways. Calotropis procera root extract has the capability to combat free radical mediated damage. It has a deep taproot, 34 m deep, and a secondary root system with woody lateral roots that may rapidly regenerate adventitious shoots when the plant is injured. Please use your desktoplaptop to download the file directly to your local drive and open the file using adobe reader. Despite serious safety concerns, calotropis is used for digestive disorders including diarrhea, constipation and stomach ulcers. Asclepiadaceae has been used for a variety of disease conditions that includes its use in the treatment of leprosy, ulcers, piles and tumors. The folk and traditional 3 medicinal system uses the plant material for the treatment of various diseases. Calotropis procera giant milkweed tree monarch caterpillars.
Ecology of invasive species in saudi arabia, calotropis. Germany year 1990 isbn 3823611984 description a wellresearched book, usually with more than one photograph of each species and good information on the plant and its uses. In ancient ayurvedic medicine the plant calotropis procera linn. I used a green house with miraclegro seed starting mix and kept the seeds warm and moist with a heat pad. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental in the tropics, and is also sometimes grown for the fibre obtained from its stems, and for its medicinal uses. Arka ksheera the latex of madar plant is used in vamana. Calotropis gigantea crown flower is a species of calotropis native to cambodia, indonesia, malaysia, philippines, thailand, sri lanka, india and china.
The tree has a wide range of medicinal uses and is the source of various materials, especially fibre. Percentage of ethno medicinal uses o f different plant parts of c. Calotropis is used as a traditional medicinal plant with unique properties. If you want to convert your form data into pdf files, use jotforms pdf editor. Users of agricultural chemical products must always strictly comply with the directions on the label and the conditions of any permit. The plant can help improve soil water conditions and also acts as a soil binder 303. Calotropis gigantea called swetarka and calotropis procera. Population ecology and economic importance of calotropis. Phytochemical investigation of different plant parts of. Hindu physicians have been using the secretion from the root bark which treats skin diseases, intestinal parasites, cough, abscises and enlargement of abdominal viscera. They have been chosen as highlights of a particular topic, but do not represent the full range of images that are available on commons.
Calotropis procera are widely used traditional medicinal plant to treat various ailments. Pdf accessibility repair workflow, you will learn how to assess existing pdf files for certain. It is commonly available in two varieties that is calotropis procera purpleflowered and calotropis gigantea whiteflowered. Traditionally calotropis is used alone or with other medicinals caius 1986 to treat common. Ocular toxicity by latex of calotropis procera sodom apple. Growth is rapid during the wet months but slows down during the dry season. Calotropis procera is a medicinal plant which belongs to family asclepiadaceae, commonly it is known as aak plant. Biological morphology and ethanopharmocological importance. The medicinal potential of calotropis procera has been known to traditional systems of medicine for a while now with its leaves being widely used.
In the traditional indian medicinal system, the ak plant or calotropis procera ait. Calotropis gigantea arka uses, dose, side effects, ayurveda. Calotropis procera is a species of flowering plant in the family apocynaceae that is native to north africa, tropical africa, western asia, south asia, and indochina. Calotropis gigantea grows to a height of 8 to 10 ft 2. Materials and methods naturally infected parts of calotropis procera aiton w. Pdf, the adobe portable document format, preserves the look and feel of the original document. Ethnomedicinal profile of different plant parts of clotropis. But a few of isolated compounds from calotropis gigantea and amoora rohituka. Publisher deutsche gesellschaft fur technische zusammenarbeit. When using any agricultural chemicals please ensure that you always follow instructions on the label and any permit. It has been cultivated in south america and on the caribbean islands for the production of fibres.
I received calotropis procera seeds from smartseeds a few weeks ago, soaked them in water overnight, and planted them. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies of the whole plant. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of. The ancient name of the plant in vedic literature was arka alluding to the form of leaves which was used in sacrificial rites. Plants often escape from cultivation, especially when growing on sandy soils. The present paper enumerates the medicinal uses of part of.
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